HIMALAYAN BALSAM

INDIAN BALSAM, POLICEMANS HELMET, POOR MANS ORCHID

Impatiens Glandulifere

Balsam Family [Balsaminaceae]  

month8jun month8june month8jul month8july month8Aug month8sep month8sept month8Oct

flower
flower8bicolour
 
morph
morph8zygo
 
petals
petalsZ5
 
stem
stem8round
 
smell
smell8sweet
sweet

August, Fletchers Branch, Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal. Photo: © RWD


August, Turton & Entwistle Reservoirs, Belmont, Lancs. Photo: © RWD


August, Fletchers Branch, Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal. Photo: © RWD


August, Fletchers Branch, Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal. Photo: © RWD


August, Fletchers Branch, Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal. Photo: © RWD


August, Hollingworth Branch of Ashton Canal, Daisy Nook. Photo: © RWD
The leaves of a young plant only a foot tall as yet.


5th Sept 2011, Tame Valley, Greenfield, Gtr M/cr. Photo: © RWD
Seed pod on right is ready to contract into a spiral, squeezing the seeds out like a hand squeezing a wet bar of soap. The seeds are squeezed out at such speed as to throw them up to 5 metres. Seed pod on left has already triggered but not all the seeds have been squeezed out, several remain half inside and one is half exposed.


5th Sept 2011, Tame Valley, Greenfield, Gtr M/cr. Photo: © RWD
When ready, the slightest touch on the pod will result in the pod splitting explosively. Here the process was hindered by human hand, resulting in some of the the seeds remaining within the spiral.


5th Sept 2011, Tame Valley, Greenfield, Gtr M/cr. Photo: © RWD
Ripe seeds are brownish, un-ripe whitish. Between 5 and 10 seeds are held poised within a seed pod.


Himalayan Balsam is another weed out of control in the UK. It colonizes the banks of fresh-watercourses very easily, both rivers and canals. The weed can be removed manually by pulling, when the roots and all are extricated. But any piece of stem which includes a node left on the ground can take root again, so all bits should be removed. Any seeds are viable for only two years.

The flowers smell sickly sweet, and, according to some, the crushed stems and leaves smell like Jeyes Fluid. The seed pods, when ripe and touched, suddenly release pent-up elastic energy, catapulting the seeds out up to a distance of 12 metres. It thus readily spreads, especially beside streams where the seeds can be transported by the flowing water.

There are some saving graces to this plant: it looks nice when in flower (which is why it was imported into this country many decades ago), and the flowers attract many bees, which in recent years have been seen a drastic and worrying decline since they are the main pollinators of some flowers (and crops).

It is recounted that children used to carefully collect a handful of ripe seed pods and then squeeze them. This triggered their explosive curling and felt like a lot of wriggling squirming worms within the closed hand. The seeds, which number 5 to 10 within one pod, can be flung out at such high speed that they are thrown up to 5 metres. If they land in flowing water, they will be carried to pastures new, but always near water, for the plant likes dampish ground.

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Distribution
family8balsam family8Balsaminaceae
BSBI maps
genus8impatiens
Impatiens

HIMALAYAN BALSAM

INDIAN BALSAM, POLICEMANS HELMET, POOR MANS ORCHID

Impatiens Glandulifere

Balsam Family [Balsaminaceae]