BROAD-LEAVED HELLEBORINE

Epipactis Helleborine

Orchid Family [Orchidaceae]  

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July 2011, Gwehlog, Usk, Monmouthshire. Photo: © Steve Hoselitz
The narrower leaves higher up are either arranged spirally around the stem, or in triplets, or in opposite pairs.


31st July 2007, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Cumbria. Photo: © Roger Foden
In a shady woodland setting. A single stalk carries several drooping flowers up the stem.


31st July 2007, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Cumbria. Photo: © Roger Foden
The flowers have a pink and white lower lip, and a yellow upper lip. Stems are close-cut downy hairy. The definitive feature is the purplish tinged of the narrow part of the flower stalk where it joins the main stem.


31st July 2007, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Cumbria. Photo: © Roger Foden
Two orange blips appear like eyes on the upper lip. The inside the lower lip is brownish.


31st July 2007, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Cumbria. Photo: © Roger Foden
There are three pointed sepals, broader than long arranged in an equilateral triangle partly shrouding the flower.


July 2011, Gwehlog, Usk, Monmouthshire. Photo: © Steve Hoselitz
Here flowers almost all pinkish.


July 2011, Gwehlog, Usk, Monmouthshire. Photo: © Steve Hoselitz
Here flowers almost all green with a mauve wash.


July 2011, Gwehlog, Usk, Monmouthshire. Photo: © Steve Hoselitz
The flowers are very variable, being either either wholly green, or completely purple, or with lilac or mauve coloured tinges.


July 2011, Gwehlog, Usk, Monmouthshire. Photo: © Steve Hoselitz
Only those leaves near the ground are broad, the rest get progressively thinner the higher up the stem.


31st July 2007, Gait Barrows, Silverdale, Cumbria. Photo: © Roger Foden
The leaves are broad and half-clasp the stem, getting smaller up the stem, until at the top amongst the flowers they are narrow rather than their namesake 'broad'. Several bold veins run parallel.


Hybridises with : Violet Helleborine (Epipactis purpurata) to produce Epipactis × schulzei.

Some similarities to : Marsh Helleborine but that is much shorter.

There are several varieties:

  • Young's Helleborine (Epipactis Helleborine var. youngiana) but no convincing case can be made for this; it all falls within the wide variability of Broad-leaved Heleborine.
  • Dutch Helleborine (Epipactis Helleborine var. neerlandica) which is rather short, between 15-40cm high, and with short, stiff, more round leaves which are held nearly erect near the base of the stem which they sheath.
  • (Epipactis Helleborine var. youngiana) [also known as var. albifolia] is devoid of chlorophyll and therefore lacks green; the bulk is pale-pink to straw in colour and the flowers white or rosy. Very rare.
  • (Epipactis Helleborine var. viridifolia) is devoid of anthocyanins and has pale-green flowers with a whitish-green lip and lacking in any red, purple or pink coloration. Rare.

Uniquely identifiable characteristics

Distinguishing Feature : The purplish wash on the thin part of the flower stalk as it joins the main stem.

No relation to : Hellebores [plants with similar name which belong to the Buttercup Family [Ranunculaceae].

This Helleborine is generally the most common of the Helleborines. It grows to 80cm in woods and other shady places. Flowers, greenish-yellow to pinkish-purple, are solitary atop single stems. The leaves, which are sometimes tinged purplish, are broad, half-clasp the stem, and are at intervals spiralling up the stem.

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Distribution
 family8Orchid family8Orchidaceae
BSBI maps
genus8Epipactis
Helleborines

BROAD-LEAVED HELLEBORINE

Epipactis Helleborine

Orchid Family [Orchidaceae]